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Slow Cortical Potential (SCP)

  • Birbaumer, N., Elbert, T., Canavan, A. G. M., & Rockstroh, B. (1990). Slow potentials of the cerebral cortex and behavior. Physiological Reviews, 70, 1–41.

  • Birbaumer, N., Roberts, L. E., Lutzenberger, W., Rockstroh, B., & Elbert, T. (1992). Area-specific self-regulation of slow cortical potentials on the saggital midline and its effects on behavior. Electroencephalography & Clinical Neurophysiology, 84 353–361.

  • Brody, S., Rau, H., Kohler, F., Schupp, H., Lutzenberger, W., & Birbaumer, N. (1994).Slow cortical potential biofeedback and the startle reflex. Biofeedback & Self-Regulation, 19(1), 1–12.

  • Doehnert, M. Brandeis, D., Straub, M., Steinhausen, H. C., & Drechsler, R. (2008). Slow cortical potential neurofeedback in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Is there neurophysiological evidence for specific effects? Journal of Neural Transmission, 115, 1445–1456.

  • Drechsler R, Straub M, Doehnert M, Heinrich H, Steinhausen H, Brandeis D. (2007). Controlled evaluation of a neurofeedback training of slow cortical potentials in children with ADHD. Behavioral & Brain Functions, 3, 35.

  • Elbert, T. (1980). Biofeedback of slow cortical potentials. Part I. Journal of Electroencephalography & Clinical Neurophysiology, 48, 293–301.

  • Elbert, T., Lutzenberger, W., Rockstroh, B., & Birbaumer, N. (1983). When regulation of slow brain potentials fails BA contribution to the psychophysiology of perceptual aberration and anhedonia. Advances in Biological Psychiatry, 13, 98–106.

  • Gani C, Birbaumer N & Strehl U.(2008). Long term effects after feedback of slow corticalpotentials and of theta-beta amplitudes in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD). International Journal of Bioelectromagnetism, 10(4), 209–232.

  • Kleinnijenhuis, M., Arns, M., Spronk, D., Bretler, R., & Duysens, J. (2007). Comparison of discrete-trial-based SMR and SCP training and the interrelationship between SCP and SMR networks: Implications for brain-computer interfaces and neurofeedback. Journal of Neurotherapy, 11(4), 19–35.

  • Kotchoubey, B., Schleichert, H., Lutzenberger, W., & Birbaumer, N. (1997). A new method for self-regulation of slow cortical potentials in a timed paradigm. Applied Psychophysiology & Biofeedback, 22(2), 77–93.

  • Kropp, P., Siniatchkin, M., & Gerber, W. D. (2002). On the pathophysiology of migraine: Links for Aempirically based treatment@ with neurofeedback. Applied Psychophysiology & Biofeedback, 27(3), 203–213.

  • Leins, U., Goth, G., Hinterberger, T., Klinger, C., Rumpf, N., & Strehl, U. (2007). Neurofeedback for children with ADHD: A comparison of SCP and theta/beta protocols. Applied Psychophysiology & Biofeedback, 32(2), 73–88.

  • Mayer, K., Wyckoff, S. N., Strehl, U. (2013). One size fits all? slow cortical potentials neurofeedback: a review. Journal of Attention Disorders, 17(5) 393-409. doi: 10.1177/1087054712468053

  • Roberts, L. E., Birbaumer, N., Rockstroh, B., Lutzenberger, W., & Elbert, T. (1989). Self-report during feedback regulation of slow cortical potentials. Psychophysiology, 26(4), 392–403.

  • Rockstroh, B. (1987). Operant control of slow brain potentials. Chapter in J. N. Hengtgen, D. Hellhammer, & G. Huppmann (Eds.), Advanced Methods in Psychobiology. C. H. Hogrefe, 179-190.

  • Rockstroh, B., Birbaumer, N., Elbert, T., & Lutzenberger, W. (1984). Operant control of spontaneous EEG, evoked potentials and slow potentials of the brain. Biofeedback & Self-Regulation, 9(2), 139–160.

  • Rockstroh, B., Elbert, T., Birbaumer, N. J., & Lutzenberger, W. (1990). Biofeedback-produced hemispheric asymmetry of slow cortical potentials and its behavioural effects. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 9, 151–165.

  • Rockstroh, B., Elbert, T., Lutzenberger, W., & Birbaumer, N. (1982). The effects of slow cortical potentials on response speed. Psychophysiology, 19, 211–217.

  • Siniatchkin, M., Kropp, P., & Gerber, W-D. (2000). Neurofeedback: The significance of reinforcement and the search for an appropriate strategy for the success of self-regulation. Applied Psychophysiology & Biofeedback, 25(3), 167–175.

  • Spronk, D.S., Kleinnijenhuis, M., van Luijtelaar, G., Arns, M. (2010). Discrete-trial SCP and GSR training and the interrelationship between central and peripheral arousal. Journal of Neurotherapy, 14(3), 217–228.

  • Strehl, U. (2009). Slow cortical potentials neurofeedback. Journal of Neurotherapy, 13(2), 117–126.

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